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畜禽和伴侣动物中调节免疫反应的关键营养素
发布单位:谈球吧
查看次数：7452
时间：2020-03-17
随着对日粮影响免疫系统功能的机理的深入研究，我们对如何在短期或者长期饲喂畜禽、伴侣动物（宠物）的想法也随之改变；但是不同种类的研究深度差异很大。
有关日粮如何影响免疫功能的研究揭示了一些必须养分在免疫功能上的作用，比如说维生素D、维生素E、Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸，以及微量元素如锌，与此同时，饲料添加剂（如植物提取物和益生菌）也有着潜在的免疫调节功能。对于某些养分来说（如维生素D和Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸），以高于推荐量的剂量添加可以改善免疫功能、降低炎症反应；对另一些养分来说（如锌），超过推荐量以药理剂量添加可能会抑制免疫功能。还需要考虑的另一个因素是过度免疫调节的可能性，当添加剂降低免疫系统的发炎功能时，其它重要功能（如清除微生物感染）也可能被降低。免疫调节领域的进一步研究将加强我们对于营养和日粮在改善畜禽和伴侣动物健康中作用的理解。
本综述收集了不同物种的一些研究实例，着重说明如何利用营养调节免疫功能（有意或无意）。
NUTRITION AND HEALTH: COMPANION ANIMAL APPLICATIONS: Functional nutrition in livestock and companion animals to modulate the immune response
Advances in the understanding of how the immune system functions in response to diet have altered the way we think about feeding livestock and companion animals on both the short (weeks/months) and long-term (years) timelines; however, depth of research in each of these species varies. Work dedicated to understanding how immune function can be altered with diet has revealed additional functions of required nutrients such as vitamins D and E, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and minerals such as zinc, while feed additives such as phytogenics and probiotics add an additional layer of immunomodulating potential to modern diets. For certain nutrients such as vitamin D or omega-3 PUFA, inclusion above currently recommended levels may optimize immune function and reduce inflammation, while for others such as zinc, additional pharmacological supplementation above requirements may inhibit immune function. Also to consider is the potential to over-immunomodulate, where important functions such as clearance of microbial infections may be reduced when supplementation reduces the inflammatory action of the immune system. Continued work in the area of nutritional immunology will further enhance our understanding of the power of nutrition and diet to improve health in both livestock and companion animals. This review collects examples from several species to highlight the work completed to understand how nutrition can be used to alter immune function, intended or not.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
有关日粮如何影响免疫功能的研究揭示了一些必须养分在免疫功能上的作用，比如说维生素D、维生素E、Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸，以及微量元素如锌，与此同时，饲料添加剂（如植物提取物和益生菌）也有着潜在的免疫调节功能。对于某些养分来说（如维生素D和Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸），以高于推荐量的剂量添加可以改善免疫功能、降低炎症反应；对另一些养分来说（如锌），超过推荐量以药理剂量添加可能会抑制免疫功能。还需要考虑的另一个因素是过度免疫调节的可能性，当添加剂降低免疫系统的发炎功能时，其它重要功能（如清除微生物感染）也可能被降低。免疫调节领域的进一步研究将加强我们对于营养和日粮在改善畜禽和伴侣动物健康中作用的理解。
本综述收集了不同物种的一些研究实例，着重说明如何利用营养调节免疫功能（有意或无意）。
NUTRITION AND HEALTH: COMPANION ANIMAL APPLICATIONS: Functional nutrition in livestock and companion animals to modulate the immune response
Advances in the understanding of how the immune system functions in response to diet have altered the way we think about feeding livestock and companion animals on both the short (weeks/months) and long-term (years) timelines; however, depth of research in each of these species varies. Work dedicated to understanding how immune function can be altered with diet has revealed additional functions of required nutrients such as vitamins D and E, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and minerals such as zinc, while feed additives such as phytogenics and probiotics add an additional layer of immunomodulating potential to modern diets. For certain nutrients such as vitamin D or omega-3 PUFA, inclusion above currently recommended levels may optimize immune function and reduce inflammation, while for others such as zinc, additional pharmacological supplementation above requirements may inhibit immune function. Also to consider is the potential to over-immunomodulate, where important functions such as clearance of microbial infections may be reduced when supplementation reduces the inflammatory action of the immune system. Continued work in the area of nutritional immunology will further enhance our understanding of the power of nutrition and diet to improve health in both livestock and companion animals. This review collects examples from several species to highlight the work completed to understand how nutrition can be used to alter immune function, intended or not.
文章来源：猪营养国际论坛
【免责声明】：文章来源于网络，我们对文中陈述观点判断保持中立，并不对文章观点负责。仅供读者参考。版权属于原作者。
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